{"id":1775,"date":"2025-06-20T10:50:22","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T17:50:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/?page_id=1775"},"modified":"2025-07-11T08:38:23","modified_gmt":"2025-07-11T15:38:23","slug":"know-your-rights","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/know-your-rights\/","title":{"rendered":"Know Your Rights: A Guide to Protest in Canada"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"1775\" class=\"elementor elementor-1775\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-0c62a88 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"0c62a88\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ac34bc0\" data-id=\"ac34bc0\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5f32cbc elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5f32cbc\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-heading-title{padding:0;margin:0;line-height:1}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title[class*=elementor-size-]>a{color:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-small{font-size:15px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-medium{font-size:19px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-large{font-size:29px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xl{font-size:39px}.elementor-widget-heading .elementor-heading-title.elementor-size-xxl{font-size:59px}<\/style><h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Know Your Rights<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-aeb278a elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"aeb278a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Guide to Protest in Canada<\/h2>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-891391d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"891391d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-column .elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--spacer-size)}.e-con{--container-widget-width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer{width:var(--container-widget-width,var(--spacer-size));--align-self:var(--container-widget-align-self,initial);--flex-shrink:0}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container{height:100%;width:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer{height:100%}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer>.elementor-widget-container>.elementor-spacer>.elementor-spacer-inner{height:var(--container-widget-height,var(--spacer-size))}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty{position:relative;min-height:22px;min-width:22px}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon,.e-con>.elementor-widget-spacer.elementor-widget-empty .elementor-widget-empty-icon{position:absolute;top:0;bottom:0;left:0;right:0;margin:auto;padding:0;width:22px;height:22px}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-65c78e1 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"65c78e1\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-d980c13\" data-id=\"d980c13\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-48fafa1 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"48fafa1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A Guide to Protesting Safely and Legally\nin Canada<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d00726c elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"d00726c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-stacked .elementor-drop-cap{background-color:#69727d;color:#fff}.elementor-widget-text-editor.elementor-drop-cap-view-framed .elementor-drop-cap{color:#69727d;border:3px solid;background-color:transparent}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap{margin-top:8px}.elementor-widget-text-editor:not(.elementor-drop-cap-view-default) .elementor-drop-cap-letter{width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap{float:left;text-align:center;line-height:1;font-size:50px}.elementor-widget-text-editor .elementor-drop-cap-letter{display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t<p>From the Freedom Convoy in Ottawa to demonstrations against the war in Gaza, more Canadians are exercising their rights to peacefully protest.<\/p><p><strong>B<\/strong><b>ut what exactly are those rights?<\/b> Peaceful protest is protected in Canada primarily by sections 2(b) (freedom of expression) and 2(c) (freedom of peaceful assembly) of the Charter of Rights and Freedoms, which is part of Canada\u2019s Constitution. Since these freedoms are constitutionally protected, all government acts and laws must comply with them \u2013 unless the government can demonstrate that the limits they\u2019ve imposed are reasonable and justified in a free and democratic society.<\/p><p><strong>So what are those reasonable limits?<\/strong> Both protesters and police often don\u2019t know. That can lead to unconstitutional police action in some cases, and frustrating police inaction in other cases.<\/p><p>This guide aims to help educate Canadians about when, where, and how they can protest without breaking laws or violating other people\u2019s rights.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-9b39a64\" data-id=\"9b39a64\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3066e34 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"3066e34\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-widget-image{text-align:center}.elementor-widget-image a{display:inline-block}.elementor-widget-image a img[src$=\".svg\"]{width:48px}.elementor-widget-image img{vertical-align:middle;display:inline-block}<\/style>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"1080\" src=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR.png\" class=\"attachment-full size-full wp-image-1801\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR.png 960w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR-267x300.png 267w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR-910x1024.png 910w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR-768x864.png 768w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/Cover-tilted-new-KYR-600x675.png 600w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3d1ae05 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"3d1ae05\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">A PDF version of this guide is also available:<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0d5a316 elementor-align-center elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0d5a316\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/CCF-Guide-to-Protest-in-Canada-2025-1.pdf\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">DOWNLOAD<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c66e6d2 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c66e6d2\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-434e295\" data-id=\"434e295\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-809bf00 elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"809bf00\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">This guide is not legal advice.<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-10751e6 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"10751e6\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-a1842ef\" data-id=\"a1842ef\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d122791 elementor-hidden-mobile elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"d122791\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/leaf-KNY.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1808\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/leaf-KNY.png 300w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/leaf-KNY-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/leaf-KNY-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-7cd6a85\" data-id=\"7cd6a85\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-d398608 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"d398608\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e5a2bfe elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"e5a2bfe\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>If you have questions about a specific legal matter, contact your own criminal defence lawyer.<\/strong><\/p><p>If you\u2019re organizing a protest where you think you could be arrested, you may wish to contact a criminal defence lawyer in advance, or at least have their phone number written on your arm or on a piece of paper in your pocket.<\/p><p>This guide was created by the Canadian Constitution Foundation, a legal charity dedicated to defending Canadians\u2019 rights and freedoms. For more information about our work, visit <a href=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">TheCCF.ca<\/a>.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-af2bb0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"af2bb0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-33 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-8fcba96\" data-id=\"8fcba96\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4431623 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-image\" data-id=\"4431623\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"image.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<img decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" src=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/sign-KYR.png\" class=\"attachment-large size-large wp-image-1807\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/sign-KYR.png 300w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/sign-KYR-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2025\/06\/sign-KYR-100x100.png 100w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/>\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-8a46829 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"8a46829\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-b829d2c\" data-id=\"b829d2c\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5df68ff elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"5df68ff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<h3 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Guide Questions (click to expand):<\/h3>\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-73ea26e elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"73ea26e\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-ba4bbb6\" data-id=\"ba4bbb6\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-05a088f elementor-widget elementor-widget-toggle\" data-id=\"05a088f\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"toggle.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-toggle{text-align:start}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{font-weight:700;line-height:1;margin:0;padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;cursor:pointer;outline:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon{display:inline-block;width:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon svg{margin-inline-start:-5px;width:1em;height:1em}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-right{float:right;text-align:right}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon.elementor-toggle-icon-left{float:left;text-align:left}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title .elementor-toggle-icon .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active{border-bottom:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-closed{display:none}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title.elementor-active .elementor-toggle-icon-opened{display:block}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:15px;border-bottom:1px solid #d5d8dc;display:none}@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-title{padding:12px}.elementor-toggle .elementor-tab-content{padding:12px 10px}}.e-con-inner>.elementor-widget-toggle,.e-con>.elementor-widget-toggle{width:var(--container-widget-width);--flex-grow:var(--container-widget-flex-grow)}<\/style>\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5901\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5901\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Where is it legal to protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5901\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"1\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5901\"><p>As a general rule, you can legally protest in the following places:<\/p><ul><li>On local streets and sidewalks, but not the middle of busy highways.<\/li><li>In municipal parks and squares, but not usually overnight.<\/li><li>In municipal council meetings using signs, if you\u2019re not disruptive.<\/li><li>Outside legislative buildings including on their grounds.<\/li><li>Inside the parts of public buildings where you are not interfering with the actual function of the place, such as inside a subway station before the turnstiles or inside an airport before security screening.<\/li><li>In the public areas of public universities and colleges \u2013 but keep in mind that many universities and colleges are private spaces where the <em>Charter<\/em> does not apply, and the law is still developing in this area.<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5902\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5902\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Where is it illegal to protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5902\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"2\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5902\"><p>As a general rule, you usually cannot legally protest in the following places:<\/p><ul><li>On or inside privately-owned property such as office buildings, shopping malls, or private homeowners\u2019 front yards and driveways.<\/li><li>Inside the non-public areas of government-owned property, which are those areas where protest would interfere with the historical or actual function of the place, such as inside a minister\u2019s office, past the turnstiles of a subway station, or in the secured area of an airport.<\/li><li>Inside \u201cbubble zones,\u201d which are geographic spaces outside certain places like abortion clinics, churches, schools, hospitals and day cares where municipal or provincial governments have banned protests due to past disruptions. (The CCF asserts that bubble zones are unconstitutional restrictions on speech and assembly, but bubble zones outside abortion clinics have been upheld by some lower courts. Some municipalities also purport to ban certain types of speech in streets and parks. Check with your local bylaw enforcement department or a lawyer to confirm the rules in your community.)<\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5903\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5903\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Do I need a permit to protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5903\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"3\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5903\"><p>Many municipalities and provincial legislatures have bylaws or policies in place that say permits are required in order to hold a rally or demonstration.\u00a0<\/p><p>It is the CCF\u2019s position that these permit requirements cannot be enforced in many cases, but we cannot strictly say they are unconstitutional because each law is different and most of these laws have never been challenged in courts. One law that was challenged was a City of Montreal bylaw that required that protest organizers submit an itinerary of their protest in advance to police or face fines. A court struck that bylaw down in 2018.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5904\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5904\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Are blockades legal?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5904\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"4\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5904\"><p>Blockades \u2013 that is using one\u2019s body or property to block another person \u2013 have been a feature of many protests in recent years, from Indigenous activists standing in the way of Coastal Gaslink Pipeline construction in B.C. in 2020, to anti-vaccine mandate protesters parking their big rigs in the streets of Ottawa during the 2022 Freedom Convoy.\u00a0<\/p><p>Contrary to popular belief, <strong>blockades are illegal<\/strong>. More than a dozen judicial decisions confirm that those who believe their right to peaceful assembly will protect them from prosecution for blockading are mistaken.<\/p><p>Police generally do not arrest people who engage in <i>brief <\/i>blockades such as standing in an intersection for a minute or two, but there is no minimum amount of time that police must wait before slapping on handcuffs and restoring the flow of traffic.\u00a0<\/p><p>If you blockade, expect to be charged with criminal mischief, which is defined under s. 430 (1)(d) of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i> as obstructing, interrupting or interfering with any person in the lawful use, enjoyment or operation of property. You may even be charged with intimidation, which is defined under section 423(1)(g) of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i> as blocking or obstructing a highway for the purpose of compelling someone to do or not doing something they\u2019re allowed to do. If there\u2019s an injunction in place against blockading, you may be charged with contempt of court. Even <i>encouraging <\/i>blockades on social media may be the crime of counselling mischief.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5905\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5905\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Are protest marches legal?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5905\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"5\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5905\"><p>Yes. Unlike blockades, moving protest marches on local streets or sidewalks are constitutionally protected peaceful assembly and expression.\u00a0<\/p><p>That\u2019s because this activity is compatible with the historical and actual functions of streets, which has long included political demonstrations, and because protest marches, unlike blockades, typically don\u2019t coerce or constrain other people or interfere with their rights in any substantial way.\u00a0<\/p><p>If you want to engage in a street march, you\u2019re not likely to face arrest as long as you <i>keep it moving<\/i>. If other protesters start to blockade, your best bet is to leave, because you may find yourself charged with a crime.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5906\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5906\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Are sit-ins legal?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5906\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"6\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5906\"><p>From Mahatma Gandhi\u2019s occupation of the Dharasana Salt Works in 1930 to the 1960 takeover by four African-American students of the whites-only section of Woolworth\u2019s lunch counter in Greensboro, North Carolina, \u201csit-ins\u201d have been an important part of many civil rights movements.<\/p><p>As noble as sit-ins can sometimes be, they are often not constitutionally protected. Rather, they tend to be a form of civil disobedience, where people break laws with the goal of showing that other laws are unjust and ought to be changed.\u00a0<\/p><p>Those who engage in civil disobedience must understand that, even though they may believe strongly in the righteousness of their cause, they are still risking charges for crimes like mischief and\/or trespassing. If convicted, a person who engaged in civil disobedience may get a lighter sentence because they were attempting to fight injustice, but don\u2019t count on it.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5907\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5907\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Are protest encampments legal?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5907\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"7\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5907\"><p>Generally no. Protest encampments are a form of expression, but many courts have found that protest encampments are subject to reasonable limits including laws that forbid camping overnight in parks, laws against erecting structures in parks, and laws against trespassing.\u00a0<\/p><p>Protesters can typically return each morning to the same site and engage in peaceful protest, but those who stay overnight may face arrest.<\/p><p>The same is true of university campuses. Courts have typically found that universities are entitled to enforce trespass laws against campers, both in cases where the university is found to be part of government, such that the <i>Charter <\/i>applies, and where the university is considered <i>private<\/i>, such that the <i>Charter <\/i>does not apply.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5908\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5908\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Do I have to move if the police tell me to move?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5908\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"8\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5908\"><p>It depends. Police are allowed to arrest a person for \u201cbreach of peace\u201d if they have reason to believe that person is about to act out violently. On the other hand, there is no common law power to arrest a provocateur who is acting lawfully in order to prevent a breach of the peace against them.<\/p><p>Still, police often believe that the best way to keep the peace is to keep protesters and counter-protesters physically separated by ordering protesters onto one side of a street or into one section of a park, while requiring counter-protesters to stay on the other side of the street or in another part of the park. The CCF believes this practice violates the rights of those who wish to engage verbally with the other side, but you may not want to test your luck; there have been instances of counterprotesters arrested for breach of peace simply for verbally confronting the other side.<\/p><p>Arrest for breach of peace is an unusual power because it does not lead to charges. Rather, it usually leads to a short \u201ctime out\u201d in a jail cell until police believe the peace has been restored and they can safely release the person.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-5909\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-5909\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What can I say at protests without violating the law?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-5909\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"9\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-5909\"><p>In Canada, the Supreme Court has been clear that even the most subjectively offensive speech is protected. This makes sense because the entire point of free speech is to allow individuals to speak their minds without censorship. In practice, this means courts will not uphold restrictions on speech based on its content, but only based on its <i>effects<\/i>, such as where the speech is incitement to violence against a group.<\/p><p>The main limits are the four <i>Criminal Code<\/i> hate speech provisions:<\/p><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">advocating or promoting genocide, with genocide defined as killing members of an identifiable group or deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about the group\u2019s physical destruction with intent to destroy the group in whole or in part (s. 318(1);<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">inciting hatred against any identifiable group where such incitement is likely to lead to a breach of the peace (s. 319 (1));<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">communicating statements, other than in private conversation, that wilfully promote hatred against any identifiable group (s. 319 (2)); and<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">communicating statements, other than in private conversation, that wilfully promote antisemitism by condoning, denying or downplaying the Holocaust (s. 319 (2.1)).<\/li><\/ul><p>Some municipalities have passed constitutionally-questionable bylaws that threaten tickets for merely offensive speech uttered in streets or in parks, which they label \u201charassment\u201d or \u201cbullying.\u201d The CCF is challenging one such a bylaw in Waterloo Region, Ont.. Consult your municipality\u2019s bylaw department or a lawyer to learn if such a law is in place in your community.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59010\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59010\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">When does an assembly become unlawful?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59010\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"10\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59010\"><p>Section 63(1) of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i> defines <b>\u201c<\/b>unlawful assembly\u201d as a gathering of three or more people who gather in a way that causes people in the neighbourhood to reasonably fear that the gathering \u201cwill disturb the peace tumultuously; or will by that assembly needlessly and without reasonable cause provoke other persons to disturb the peace tumultuously.\u201d To disturb the peace &#8220;tumultuously&#8221; was defined by B.C.\u2019s appeal court as creating \u201can atmosphere of force or violence.\u201d<\/p><p>Section 64 of the <i>Criminal Cod<\/i>e describes a \u201criot\u201d as \u201can unlawful assembly that has begun to disturb the peace tumultuously.\u201d<\/p><p>It is a crime to be a member of an unlawful assembly (s. 66(1) or to participate in a riot (s. 65(1)).<\/p><p>The Criminal Code says that police, mayors or other officials can declare that an assembly has turned into a riot by proclaiming the following: \u201cHis Majesty the King charges and commands all persons being assembled immediately to disperse and peaceably to depart to their habitations or to their lawful business on the pain of being guilty of an offence for which, on conviction, they may be sentenced to imprisonment for life. GOD SAVE THE KING.\u201d If you hear these words, you had better leave or face charges!<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59011\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59011\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Can I wear a mask or face covering at a protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59011\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"11\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59011\"><p>Yes. Montreal had a ban on wearing masks at protests but it was struck down by a court in 2018. The CCF is not aware of other mask bans.<\/p><p>That said, it is a crime to wear a mask or other disguise to conceal one\u2019s identity without lawful excuse while taking part in a riot (s. 65(2) of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i>) or when engaged in unlawful assembly (s. 66(2)).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59012\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59012\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Can the police use drones to record me at protests?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59012\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"12\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59012\"><p>This is unclear. Police have begun to use drones to record video at protests that can later be used to identify people who break laws, and to collect evidence. This practice is so new that courts have yet to comment on it.\u00a0<\/p><p>What we do know is that, just because you\u2019re out in public, that doesn\u2019t mean you have no reasonable expectation of privacy. Where the state interferes with a reasonable expectation of privacy, they\u2019ve engaged in a search. Section 8 of the <i>Charter <\/i>says everyone shall be secure against unreasonable searches. Searches only tend to be reasonable when they are made with consent, when police have a warrant, or when they are done in exigent circumstances, such as to prevent death or serious injury.\u00a0<\/p><p>If a drone is being used to spy on people at protests without advance notice and without proper justification, that may very well be unlawful search. If you have concerns that you were spied on by a drone, contact a lawyer.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59013\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59013\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Can I film or livestream a protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59013\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"13\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59013\"><p>Yes, you can film or livestream at a protest, but there are a few things to know.<\/p><p>First, if police demand that you move further away from them because where you\u2019re standing is interfering with an investigation, or because they are conducting an arrest, you should comply. If you do not, you may be charged with obstruction of a peace officer (s. 129 of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i>).<\/p><p>Second, it\u2019s important to consider that police may be able to confiscate your phone if they have reason to believe you filmed a crime being committed and there is evidence on your phone. One way to avoid having your privacy breached is to have your phone protected with an old-fashioned password rather than unprotected or openable with facial recognition, since police have been known to try opening phones this way. You should not give them your password and contact a defence lawyer for advice.\u00a0<\/p><p>Finally, many people are under the mistaken impression that you cannot film them in public without consent. This is simply untrue. However, getting in their face could provoke a bad reaction and compromise your safety.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59014\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59014\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Can police search me at a protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59014\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"14\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59014\"><p>Typically not without your consent. For example, a court found Toronto police had no authority to set up a checkpoint at the edge of a public park where protesters were meeting and search backpacks as a condition of entering the park. Note: this rule might not apply at certain events like a ticketed concert in a public park.<\/p><p>Police can search you if they have detained you for investigative purposes, but only for safety reasons. This means police can pat you down to look for weapons, in order to protect their own safety, and feel the exterior of your bag for weapons. If you\u2019re unsure whether you are being detained, just ask.<\/p><p>If police have decided to arrest you, in addition to a safety search, they are allowed to search you and your belongings for evidence. If your phone is unlocked, police may be allowed to search it for evidence. However, they cannot demand the password or force you to unlock it without a warrant.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59015\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59015\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Am I required to answer the police\u2019s questions?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59015\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"15\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59015\"><p>Generally no. You have a right to remain silent at all times.<\/p><p>Police are allowed to ask questions for investigative purposes. If you don\u2019t want to speak to a police officer, simply ask whether you are being detained. If they say no, you can simply walk away. Even if you are detained or arrested, you still do not need to answer any questions.<\/p><p>Keep in mind that if you do speak to a police officer and lie, you could be charged with obstructing a peace officer (s. 129 of the <i>Criminal Code<\/i>).<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59016\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"16\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59016\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">Am I required to show identification at a protest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59016\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"16\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59016\"><p>No, you are not required to show police ID, unless you\u2019re driving, in which case you must provide your driver\u2019s license upon request.<\/p><p>If you\u2019re being ticketed, you will likely be asked for ID. While you technically aren\u2019t required to give it to the police, it is probably a good idea because they can detain you if they feel that it\u2019s necessary to confirm your identity.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59017\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"17\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59017\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What happens if I\u2019m told I\u2019m under arrest?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59017\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"17\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59017\"><p>For your own safety, you should do your best to comply with the officer\u2019s demands, since they can use reasonable force to arrest you, and that can lead to injury. Remember, you do not have to answer the police\u2019s questions.\u00a0<\/p><p>Police must tell you why you\u2019ve been arrested, and allow you to speak with a lawyer as soon as possible. You must be provided with a telephone to reach a lawyer, and the phone number of \u201cduty counsel,\u201d who are criminal defence lawyers paid for by taxpayers. You are entitled to contact any lawyer you choose, and entitled to keep calling until you reach a lawyer.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-toggle-item\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-title-59018\" class=\"elementor-tab-title\" data-tab=\"18\" role=\"button\" aria-controls=\"elementor-tab-content-59018\" aria-expanded=\"false\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon elementor-toggle-icon-left\" aria-hidden=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-closed\"><i class=\"fas fa-caret-right\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened\"><i class=\"elementor-toggle-icon-opened fas fa-caret-up\"><\/i><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-toggle-title\" tabindex=\"0\">What should I do if I witness police misconduct?<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"elementor-tab-content-59018\" class=\"elementor-tab-content elementor-clearfix\" data-tab=\"18\" role=\"region\" aria-labelledby=\"elementor-tab-title-59018\"><p>If you believe police engaged in misconduct, you should take photos and videos, write down what you believe might be helpful in an investigation, and try to get the contact information of other possible witnesses.<\/p><p>You may ask police for their badge numbers and take pictures of their badges. You can also take pictures of an officer\u2019s patrol car number.<\/p><p>Next, you can contact your province\u2019s or territory\u2019s independent complaints agency. The agencies include but are not limited to:<\/p><ul><li aria-level=\"1\">Nova Scotia: <a href=\"https:\/\/novascotia.ca\/opcc\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of the Police Complaints Commissioner<\/a>\u00a0<\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Ontario: <a href=\"https:\/\/complaint.leca.ca\/LECA.Efile\/Complaint_en.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Law Enforcement Complaints Agency<\/a><\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Quebec: <a href=\"https:\/\/deontologie-policiere.gouv.qc.ca\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Commissaire \u00e0 la d\u00e9ontologie polici\u00e8re<\/a><\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Manitoba: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.gov.mb.ca\/justice\/lera\/complaint\/index.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Law Enforcement Review Agency<\/a><\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">Saskatchewan: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.saskatchewan.ca\/residents\/justice-crime-and-the-law\/your-rights-and-the-law\/make-a-complaint-about-the-police-service\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Public Complaints Commission<\/a><\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">RCMP: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.crcc-ccetp.gc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Civilian Review and Complaints Commission for the RCMP<\/a><\/li><li aria-level=\"1\">British Columbia: <a href=\"https:\/\/opcc.bc.ca\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Office of the Police Complaint Commissioner\u00a0<\/a><\/li><\/ul><p>If you believe your rights were violated and you are interested in seeking assistance from the CCF, <a href=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/casesubmission\/\">please use this form to contact us.<\/a> Please note that the CCF does not have criminal defence lawyers on staff and cannot arrange for a criminal defence lawyer to defend you against your charges. The CCF may be able to work with your lawyer to provide support on constitutional issues, such as peaceful assembly and free expression.<\/p><\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-55525a8 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"55525a8\" data-element_type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-49556e5\" data-id=\"49556e5\" data-element_type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-297362e elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-text-editor\" data-id=\"297362e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"text-editor.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>Want more?<\/strong><\/p><p>Sign up to the Canadian Constitution Foundation&#8217;s weekly newsletter\u2014the Freedom Update, using the form below. We&#8217;ll keep you up to date on our latest work defending Canadians&#8217; rights and freedoms, and keep you informed about newly released (and free) online courses and other legal education materials.<\/p>\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-889d063 elementor-button-align-stretch elementor-widget elementor-widget-form\" data-id=\"889d063\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;step_next_label&quot;:&quot;Next&quot;,&quot;step_previous_label&quot;:&quot;Previous&quot;,&quot;button_width&quot;:&quot;100&quot;,&quot;step_type&quot;:&quot;number_text&quot;,&quot;step_icon_shape&quot;:&quot;circle&quot;}\" data-widget_type=\"form.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t<style>\/*! elementor-pro - v3.23.0 - 15-07-2024 *\/\n.elementor-button.elementor-hidden,.elementor-hidden{display:none}.e-form__step{width:100%}.e-form__step:not(.elementor-hidden){display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap}.e-form__buttons{flex-wrap:wrap}.e-form__buttons,.e-form__buttons__wrapper{display:flex}.e-form__indicators{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:center;flex-wrap:nowrap;font-size:13px;margin-bottom:var(--e-form-steps-indicators-spacing)}.e-form__indicators__indicator{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;flex-basis:0;padding:0 var(--e-form-steps-divider-gap)}.e-form__indicators__indicator__progress{width:100%;position:relative;background-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-background-color);border-radius:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-border-radius);overflow:hidden}.e-form__indicators__indicator__progress__meter{width:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-meter-width,0);height:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-height);line-height:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-height);padding-right:15px;border-radius:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-border-radius);background-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-color);color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-progress-meter-color);text-align:right;transition:width .1s linear}.e-form__indicators__indicator:first-child{padding-left:0}.e-form__indicators__indicator:last-child{padding-right:0}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-inactive{color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-inactive-primary-color,#c2cbd2)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-inactive [class*=indicator--shape-]:not(.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-none){background-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-inactive-secondary-color,#fff)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-inactive object,.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-inactive svg{fill:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-inactive-primary-color,#c2cbd2)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-active{color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-active-primary-color,#39b54a);border-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-active-secondary-color,#fff)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-active [class*=indicator--shape-]:not(.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-none){background-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-active-secondary-color,#fff)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-active object,.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-active svg{fill:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-active-primary-color,#39b54a)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed{color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-completed-secondary-color,#fff)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed [class*=indicator--shape-]:not(.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-none){background-color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-completed-primary-color,#39b54a)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed .e-form__indicators__indicator__label{color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-completed-primary-color,#39b54a)}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed .e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-none{color:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-completed-primary-color,#39b54a);background-color:initial}.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed object,.e-form__indicators__indicator--state-completed svg{fill:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-completed-secondary-color,#fff)}.e-form__indicators__indicator__icon{width:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-padding,30px);height:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-padding,30px);font-size:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-icon-size);border-width:1px;border-style:solid;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;overflow:hidden;margin-bottom:10px}.e-form__indicators__indicator__icon img,.e-form__indicators__indicator__icon object,.e-form__indicators__indicator__icon svg{width:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-icon-size);height:auto}.e-form__indicators__indicator__icon .e-font-icon-svg{height:1em}.e-form__indicators__indicator__number{width:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-padding,30px);height:var(--e-form-steps-indicator-padding,30px);border-width:1px;border-style:solid;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:center;margin-bottom:10px}.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-circle{border-radius:50%}.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-square{border-radius:0}.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-rounded{border-radius:5px}.e-form__indicators__indicator--shape-none{border:0}.e-form__indicators__indicator__label{text-align:center}.e-form__indicators__indicator__separator{width:100%;height:var(--e-form-steps-divider-width);background-color:#babfc5}.e-form__indicators--type-icon,.e-form__indicators--type-icon_text,.e-form__indicators--type-number,.e-form__indicators--type-number_text{align-items:flex-start}.e-form__indicators--type-icon .e-form__indicators__indicator__separator,.e-form__indicators--type-icon_text .e-form__indicators__indicator__separator,.e-form__indicators--type-number .e-form__indicators__indicator__separator,.e-form__indicators--type-number_text .e-form__indicators__indicator__separator{margin-top:calc(var(--e-form-steps-indicator-padding, 30px) \/ 2 - var(--e-form-steps-divider-width, 1px) \/ 2)}.elementor-field-type-hidden{display:none}.elementor-field-type-html{display:inline-block}.elementor-field-type-tel input{direction:inherit}.elementor-login .elementor-lost-password,.elementor-login .elementor-remember-me{font-size:.85em}.elementor-field-type-recaptcha_v3 .elementor-field-label{display:none}.elementor-field-type-recaptcha_v3 .grecaptcha-badge{z-index:1}.elementor-button .elementor-form-spinner{order:3}.elementor-form .elementor-button .elementor-button-content-wrapper{align-items:center}.elementor-form .elementor-button .elementor-button-text{white-space:normal}.elementor-form .elementor-button svg{height:auto}.elementor-form .elementor-button .e-font-icon-svg{height:1em}.elementor-form .elementor-button .elementor-button-content-wrapper{gap:5px}.elementor-form .elementor-button .elementor-button-icon,.elementor-form .elementor-button .elementor-button-text{flex-grow:unset;order:unset}.elementor-select-wrapper .select-caret-down-wrapper{position:absolute;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);inset-inline-end:10px;pointer-events:none;font-size:11px}.elementor-select-wrapper .select-caret-down-wrapper svg{display:unset;width:1em;aspect-ratio:unset;fill:currentColor}.elementor-select-wrapper .select-caret-down-wrapper i{font-size:19px;line-height:2}.elementor-select-wrapper.remove-before:before{content:\"\"!important}.elementor-message-svg:before{content:\"\";width:1em;height:1em;background-image:url(\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMTQiIGhlaWdodD0iMTEiIGZpbGw9Im5vbmUiIHhtbG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyI+PHBhdGggZmlsbC1ydWxlPSJldmVub2RkIiBjbGlwLXJ1bGU9ImV2ZW5vZGQiIGQ9Ik00Ljc1IDguMTVMMS42IDUgLjU1IDYuMDVsNC4yIDQuMiA5LTlMMTIuNy4yIDQuNzUgOC4xNXoiIGZpbGw9IiMwMDhBMjAiLz48L3N2Zz4=\");background-position:50%;background-repeat:no-repeat}<\/style><textarea class=\"cfef_logic_data_js cfef-hidden\"><\/textarea>\t\t<form class=\"elementor-form\" method=\"post\" name=\"Know Your Rights Protest Guide\">\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"post_id\" value=\"1775\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"form_id\" value=\"889d063\"\/>\n\t\t\t<input type=\"hidden\" name=\"referer_title\" value=\"\" \/>\n\n\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-form-fields-wrapper elementor-labels-above\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-first_name elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[first_name]\" id=\"form-field-first_name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"First Name (required)\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-text elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-last_name elementor-col-100\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"text\" name=\"form_fields[last_name]\" id=\"form-field-last_name\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Last Name\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-type-email elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-group-email elementor-col-100 elementor-field-required\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<input size=\"1\" type=\"email\" name=\"form_fields[email]\" id=\"form-field-email\" class=\"elementor-field elementor-size-sm  elementor-field-textual\" placeholder=\"Email (Required)\" required=\"required\" aria-required=\"true\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-field-group elementor-column elementor-field-type-submit elementor-col-100 e-form__buttons\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"elementor-button elementor-size-sm\" type=\"submit\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Sign Up<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/form>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Know Your Rights A Guide to Protest in Canada A Guide to Protesting Safely and Legally in Canada From the Freedom Convoy in Ottawa to demonstrations against the war in Gaza, more Canadians are exercising their rights to peacefully protest. But what exactly are those rights? Peaceful protest is protected in Canada primarily by sections &hellip;<\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more\"> <a class=\"\" href=\"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/know-your-rights\/\"> <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Know Your Rights: A Guide to Protest in Canada<\/span> Read More &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":1801,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"elementor_header_footer","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":""},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1775"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1775"}],"version-history":[{"count":63,"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1775\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1950,"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1775\/revisions\/1950"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1801"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/theccf.ca\/learn\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1775"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}